At a glance

Bone density preservation
Breast cancer risk reduction
Favourable LDL / lipid profile
No uterine / endometrial stimulation
Blood clot / VTE risk
Stroke risk (cardiovascular)
Hot flashes / vasomotor effects
Visual disturbance· class-derived
BenefitSide effectHealth risk· more & brighter bars = stronger

Effects

  • Bone density preservation: Acts as an estrogen agonist in bone, inhibiting osteoclast-driven bone resorption and increasing bone mineral density in both the short and long term [1][2].
  • Breast cancer risk reduction: Acts as an estrogen antagonist in breast tissue, blocking estrogen-driven cell proliferation and reducing invasive breast cancer risk in high-risk postmenopausal women [2][7].
  • Favourable lipid profile: Decreases total and LDL cholesterol and fibrinogen levels; does not meaningfully raise HDL or triglycerides [5][8].
  • No uterine stimulation: Unlike tamoxifen (a first-generation SERM), raloxifene has an estrogen-antagonistic effect in the uterus and does not promote endometrial proliferation or increase uterine cancer risk [1][6].
  • Anti-gynecomastia (off-label): Used off-label in male performance contexts to block estrogen receptors in breast tissue, targeting gynecomastia. This use is not FDA-approved and clinical evidence in males is limited; no approved dosing guidance exists for this population [2].
Classification

Second-generation SERM

Active half-life

~27 hours

Route

Oral (tablet)

Approved dose

60 mg/day

FDA approval

1997 (osteoporosis / breast cancer risk)