At a glance

Post-cycle testosterone recovery
Gynecomastia prevention
Breast cancer risk reduction
Bone protection (partial agonist)
Blood clot / thromboembolic risk
Uterine cancer risk (women, long-term)
Mood / hot flash disturbance
Visual disturbance
BenefitSide effectHealth risk· more & brighter bars = stronger

Effects

  • Post-cycle testosterone restoration: Blocks estrogen receptors at the hypothalamus/pituitary, lifting negative feedback and stimulating LH/FSH release, which drives endogenous testosterone recovery after anabolic steroid use [5].
  • Gynecomastia prevention / suppression: Acts as an estrogen antagonist in breast tissue, blocking the estrogenic signalling responsible for gynecomastia development in men [1][2].
  • Estrogen receptor blockade: Active metabolite endoxifen competes with estradiol for ERα and ERβ binding, inhibiting estrogen-driven gene transcription in target tissues [1][3].
  • Bone-protective (partial agonist): Exerts partial estrogenic agonism on bone tissue, helping preserve bone mineral density — a clinically useful property in post-menopausal contexts [4].
  • Breast cancer risk reduction: FDA-approved to reduce invasive breast cancer incidence in high-risk individuals and as adjuvant therapy following diagnosis of ER+ breast cancer [2][6].
Classification

SERM (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator)

Active half-life

5–7 days (terminal elimination)

Route

Oral (tablet)

Onset to steady-state

~4 weeks

Schedule (US)

Prescription only (Rx); not a DEA-scheduled controlled substance